Supplemental Material for
The Vicarious Occupational Trauma Exposure (VOTE) Index: Development and Validation With a Substance Use Disorder Workforce
Elisabeth A. Stelson
, Erika L. Sabbath
, Laura Chen
, Glorian Sorensen
, Lisa Berkman, Soroush Moallef
, and Laura D. Kubzansky 
Traumatology,
Online First Publication,
February 9, 2026
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