Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy
Supplemental Material for
Validation of the Embarrassment, Guilt, and Shame Scale Among Veterans Seeking Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Alexander Puhalla 
, Richard Gilman, and
Kathleen Chard
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy,
Online First Publication,
February 2, 2026
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